# Edge Computing Explained

**Introduction**

Edge computing in the Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the practice of processing and analysing data at the edge of the network, near the source of data generation, rather than sending it to a centralised cloud or data center. This approach helps to reduce latency, improve real-time decision-making, and decrease bandwidth consumption.

**Where is the Edge?**

The edge in IoT refers to the location where sensors and devices communicate real-time data to a network. It’s the point in the network where the data is initially collected or used. Edge computing brings computation and data storage closer to these devices, allowing data to be gathered and processed at the edge, rather than sending the data back to a data center or cloud.

**How Do I Know If I Already Have an Edge Device?**

An edge device is a piece of equipment that serves to transmit data between the local network and a data destination. They are able to translate between the protocols used by local devices into the protocols used by IT systems where the data will be further processed. Edge devices are located at the edge of a network and act as intermediaries between IoT devices and IT systems. They can perform local data processing, filtering, and analytics, run applications or algorithms, and have more computational capabilities, storage capacity, and processing power than typical IoT devices. If you have a device in your facility that fits this description, it’s likely an edge device.

**Why Do I Need Edge?**

Edge computing is essential in IoT for several reasons:

1. **Reduced Latency**: Edge computing reduces latency, enabling faster response times and real-time analytics while optimising bandwidth requirements and easing the burden on the network.
2. **Cost Efficiency**: Processing data at the edge also reduces costs associated with transmitting and storing large volumes of data in the cloud, decreasing reliance on high-capacity cloud infrastructure.
3. **Reliability**: Relying on a centralised cloud introduces a single point of failure. Edge computing distributes the computational load across edge devices, servers, and gateways, ensuring uninterrupted functionality.
4. **Privacy and Security**: It addresses privacy and security concerns by eliminating transmission of sensitive information over the network, reducing the risk of breaches and ensuring compliance with data protection regulations.

**Conclusion**

In conclusion, edge computing is a critical component of IoT, helping to reduce latency, improve reliability, and enhance the efficiency of data processing. As the IoT continues to grow, the role of edge computing is expected to become increasingly important.


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